Barriers to participation in physical activity vary depending on age, severity of the traumatic brain injury, type of impairment and length of time since initial injury. We also need to consider the barriers for those with a traumatic brain injury on an individual level, relating to how their disability impacts on their physical activity participation, while also considering societal and environmental level barriers.Ī wide range of barriers exist that limit and in some cases prevent individuals with a traumatic brian injury from being active, which increases the risk of developing further secondary and chronic health conditions. As such we need to consider that the barriers preventing inactive people from initiating physical activity may differ from the barriers that active individuals face and learn to manage successfully on an ongoing basis to remain active. In much of the research available the barriers identified have not distinguished whether the barriers relate to active versus inactive people, and generally reflect the barriers encountered by inactive individuals. perceptions of limited time to engage in physical activity, while others relate more specifically to certain groups of individuals with a disability e.g. A broad spectrum of researchers have identified many barriers to participation, some that are shared across all individuals both with and without a disability eg.
Given that individuals with a disability have decreased levels of physical activity, there has been a major focus by researchers on identifying the barriers they experience in relation to physical activity participation. Physical Activity and Traumatic Brain Injury Barriers to Physical Activity Ĭommon Barriers Experienced by People with a Disabilities Current evidence suggests that inactivity has negative effects on everyone, but the effects appear to be worse for people with disability, particularly for those with a traumatic brain injury. Globally 23 percent of adults 18+ and 80 percent of adolescents are insufficiently active, and this number is higher among individuals with a disability.
Physical inactivity has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality causing an estimated 3.2 million deaths globally or 6% of deaths.
Physical activity can also improve bone and functional health and as a key determinant of energy expenditure, is fundamental to energy balance and weight control.
Regular physical activity shows benefits for everyone including children, adolescents, adults, older adults, and people with a disability across all ethnic groups and most importantly has been shown to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases, such as Coronary Heart Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, Stroke, Cancer, Osteoporosis and Depression. Physical activity, defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure, benefits every aspect of health and in daily life can be categorized into occupational, sports, conditioning, household, or other activities, including exercise, which is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness. 3.1 American College of Sports Medicine Physical Activity Guidelines for Traumatic Brain Injury.2 Physical Activity and Traumatic Brain Injury.
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